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About the Hawaii $1 Silver Certificate
The Hawaii overprint currency dates back to World War II. These notes were issued after the attack on Pearl Harbor to serve as emergency currency on the Hawai‘i Islands. These bills ($1, $5, $10 and $20) were distributed on July 15, 1942. The bills have “HAWAII” printed on the back in big letters and on the front with smaller letters in two places on the side. These measures were taken to easily identify the money. Just in case currency falls into the enemy’s hands during an invasion, it would be easily rejected as counterfeit money. This currency stayed in effect until October 1944.
At the outset of American involvement in World War II, the Territory of Hawaii (as it was then known) was the home of the U.S. Navy’s Pacific Fleet. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, there was deep concern among U.S. leaders that Japan would launch a full-scale invasion of Hawaii, and that Japan could succeed in capturing the islands.
The new notes were first released in July of 1942. They were the only paper money legal for use in Hawaii from August 15, 1942 until October 1944. During that time, it was illegal in Hawaii to have any other type of U.S. paper money without a special license.
Hawaii notes were made in one-, five-, ten-, and twenty-dollar denominations. The one-dollar notes are silver certificates, while all others are Federal Reserve notes, bearing the imprint of the Federal Reserve branch bank at San Francisco. All one-dollar Hawaii notes are from series 1935A. The ten-dollar notes are all from series 1934A, while the five- and twenty-dollar notes can be from either series 1934 or 1934A. Series 1934 five- and twenty-dollar notes are somewhat scarcer than their 1934A counterparts.
Of course, the feared Japanese capture of Hawaii never happened. As Allied victory appeared imminent, October 1944 saw all restrictions on note circulation in Hawaii lifted. Late in 1944 and in 1945, Hawaii notes saw use in other U.S. occupied areas in the Pacific. Hawaii notes remained legal tender after War’s end. Many soldiers returning from the Pacific theater brought the unusual notes to the mainland, as souvenirs. Hawaii notes remain an interesting memento from a trying and ultimately triumphant episode in American history. Although readily available, they can be a real challenge to collect in higher grades of preservation.
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